This comes from the ASA Umpire Manual. Shared by Robert Solomon, President, AQBC/ASA.
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Rule 9 - Protests
 
Section 1. Protests. There are three types of Protests:
 
A. Misinterpretation of a playing rule - must be made:
 
     1.  before the next pitch legal or illegal
     2.  before the next play
     3. before all infielders have left fair territory
     4. on the last play of the game, before the umpires leave live ball territory
 
B.  Illegal Player - must be made while the player in question is in the game and before the umpires leave the playing field.
     Note A-B: An umpire cannot reverse a decision after a pitch, legal or illegal.
 
C.  Ineligible Player - can be made any time. Eligibility is the decision of the protest committee.
 
Section 2. Protests will not be considered if based solely on a decision involving the accuracy of judgment on the part of an umpire.
 
    Examples of Protests which will not be considered are:
 
* Whether a batted ball was fair or foul
* Whether a runner was safe or out
* Whether a pitched ball was a ball or strike
* Whether there is a legal or illegal pitch
* Whether a runner did or did not touch a base
* Whether a runner did or did not leave a base too soon on a caught fly ball
* Whether a fly ball was or was not caught legally
* Whether a batted ball was or was not an infield fly
* Whether  there was or was not interference or obstruction
* Whether the field is or is not fit to continue or resume play
* Whether there is or is not sufficient light to continue play
* Whether a player or live ball did or did not leave the live ball territory or touch some object or person in a dead ball area
* Whether a batted ball did or did not clear the fence in flight
* Whether a batted ball was or was not touched by a fielder before clearing the fence in flight
 
 
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updated 3/19/14